Draft 3 - Native Woodland Garden
Fewer plants, more natives, near-zero maintenance
The lowest-maintenance option and the most wildlife-friendly. The palette is almost entirely native to the Cincinnati bioregion: serviceberry, American plum, pawpaw, hickory, hazelnut, nannyberry, arrowwood, spicebush and native perennials. Fruit trees are fewer, the front zones lean on large native shrubs, and Zone G becomes a low-mow native strip instead of a lawn.
Native species chosen for their tolerance of browse: large-bracted species such as serviceberry and pawpaw regenerate from root suckers, and the shrub layer is dense enough to protect the herbaceous planting inside it.
Zone by zone
A
West side of the front yard, adjacent to the driveway
Brief: Street-facing ornamental fruit tree(s) backed by a deer-resistant berry shrub border.
Owner's instruction: One, maybe two, fruit trees can go here (maybe one by the street and one by the house) surrounded by deer resistant berry bushes - or have a sufficient deer resistant border to prevent / reduce browsing. The street-facing size of Zone A should be ornamental, the north side of Zone A facing the house does not need to be ornamental; possibly an Asian pear could go on the south side of Zone A in at least one of the design drafts.
Sun: Full sun unless blocked by a tree · Deer resistance priority:
high · 24 plants
B
Front yard immediately to the east side of the stairs that lead towards the house
Brief: One showpiece shrub ringed by drought-tolerant, deer-resistant ornamentals.
Owner's instruction: Ornamental section with some nice flowers and maybe one show piece of a shrub, possibly a goumi berry, carolina allspice or something else; needs to stand up to deer pressure; can have lots of ornamental, drought tolerant, deer resistant companion plants around a main bush/shrub.
Sun: Full sun unless blocked by a tree · Deer resistance priority:
high · 20 plants
| Plant | Type | Qty | Note |
American Hazelnut (multi-stem shrub form)
Corylus americana 'Newell' |
shrub |
1 |
Multi-stem hazelnut as the showpiece shrub - nuts, wildlife and a native accent. Planted with Hazelnut 'Jefferson' beside it, since one hazelnut clone will not set nuts alone. |
Hazelnut 'Jefferson'
Corylus avellana 'Jefferson' |
tree |
1 |
Hazelnut 'Jefferson' (European hazelnut) - a different genotype, required to pollinate the multi-stem hazelnut clone beside it. |
Nannyberry Viburnum
Viburnum lentago |
shrub |
1 |
Nannyberry. |
Buttonbush
Cephalanthus occidentalis |
shrub |
1 |
Buttonbush - native shrub and swallowtail host. |
Creamy False Indigo (leadplant)
Baptisia alba 'Sierra Gold' |
perennial |
2 |
Nitrogen fixers at the back. |
Purple Coneflower
Echinacea purpurea |
perennial |
4 |
Prairie perennial. |
Yarrow
Achillea millefolium |
perennial |
4 |
Native filler. |
New England Aster
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae |
perennial |
4 |
Autumn asters. |
Russian Sage
Perovskia atriplicifolia |
perennial |
2 |
Silver contrast. |
C
Adjacent to the front porch, parked between the walkway to the front door and Zone A
Brief: Kitchen-adjacent berry bushes with culinary herbs and ornamentals within easy reach of the porch.
Owner's instruction: This should be ornamental and deer resistant with a berry bush or two in the middle, surrounded by ornamental companion plants and culinary herbs (since it's close to the house and easy to reach).
Sun: Full sun unless blocked by a tree · Deer resistance priority:
high · 27 plants
| Plant | Type | Qty | Note |
Elderberry 'Adams'
Sambucus canadensis 'Adams' |
shrub |
1 |
Elderberry instead of aronia - the native berry the owner can pick by the porch, planted with 'Marge' so the pair cross-pollinates. |
Elderberry 'Marge'
Sambucus canadensis 'Marge' |
shrub |
1 |
Elderberry 'Marge' - the second cultivar the porch pair needs. |
American Cranberrybush Viburnum
Viburnum trilobum |
shrub |
1 |
Cranberrybush for the second berry shrub. |
Common Sage (Culinary)
Salvia officinalis |
herb |
3 |
Culinary sage. |
Chives
Allium schoenoprasum |
herb |
5 |
Chives. |
Thyme
Thymus vulgaris |
herb |
4 |
Thyme between the pavers. |
Oregano
Origanum vulgare |
herb |
2 |
Oregano. |
Strawberry 'Earliglow'
Fragaria x ananassa 'Earliglow' |
groundcover |
10 |
Native strawberry carpet. |
D
Adjacent to the front of the house
Brief: Long-bloom ornamental border along the house face; one 10-12 ft feature plant between the windows and a small ornamental tree at the east end.
Owner's instruction: This should be ornamental with an extended bloom season when taken as a whole; some shrubs/bushes can be tucked behind a row(s) of deer resistant companion plants, herbs, and/or flowers. Possibly, there can be one 10-12' or so plant between the two windows (could a Chicago Hardy Fig go here?); the furthest east part of this zone could also have a small tree, maybe a serviceberry or something else not too big, but ornate.
Sun: Full sun unless blocked by a tree · Deer resistance priority:
high · 35 plants
E
Adjacent to the east side of the house
Brief: Thorny gooseberry row plus partial-shade woodland perennials and groundcovers.
Owner's instruction: Maybe a row of gooseberries (thorns) could go here; doesn't matter if it's ornamental; perhaps this is partial sun; any other plants that thrive in partial sun could be considered in this zone.
Sun: Partial sun · Deer resistance priority:
high · 29 plants
| Plant | Type | Qty | Note |
Gooseberry 'Amish Red'
Ribes uva-crispa 'Amish Red' |
shrub |
4 |
Gooseberry row kept even in the native scheme - the owner asked for it. |
American Hazelnut (multi-stem shrub form)
Corylus americana 'Newell' |
shrub |
2 |
Hazelnut multi-stem for the shade edge - the pair crops together with Hazelnut 'Jefferson' beside it. |
Hazelnut 'Jefferson'
Corylus avellana 'Jefferson' |
tree |
1 |
Hazelnut 'Jefferson' (European hazelnut) - a different genotype, required to pollinate the multi-stem hazelnut clone beside it. |
Witch Hazel
Hamamelis virginiana |
shrub |
1 |
Witch hazel. |
Plantain Lily
Hosta plantaginea |
perennial |
3 |
Part-shade perennial. |
Barrenwort
Epimedium grandiflorum |
groundcover |
6 |
Barrenwort. |
Hardy Geranium 'Rozanne'
Geranium macrorrhizum 'Rozanne' |
perennial |
5 |
Groundcover. |
Wild Columbine
Aquilegia canadensis |
perennial |
3 |
Native columbine. |
Canadian Wild Ginger
Asarum caudatum |
groundcover |
4 |
Wild ginger. |
F
North-east backyard (behind and east of the house, near the pool's east side)
Brief: 2-3 full-size fruit trees (15-25 ft) in the north-east backyard.
Owner's instruction: Plant 2-3 fruit bearing trees (15-25' height) in this spot - assume the two large backyard trees are removed.
Sun: Full sun unless blocked by a tree · Deer resistance priority:
medium · 14 plants
| Plant | Type | Qty | Note |
Red Mulberry
Morus rubra |
tree |
2 |
Red mulberry - fast native fruit tree for the north-east corner. Red mulberry is normally either male or female, so two plants are set out; ask the nursery for a known fruiting selection if it can sex them. |
American Plum (Chickasaw Plum)
Prunus nigra |
tree |
1 |
Chickasaw plum - paired with the second plum in Zone A so both cross-pollinate. |
Shagbark Hickory
Carya ovata |
tree |
1 |
Shagbark hickory for the long-term canopy - one of the two hickories this draft carries, so they cross-pollinate. |
Elderberry 'Adams'
Sambucus canadensis 'Adams' |
shrub |
1 |
Elderberry understory, planted with 'Marge' to cross-pollinate. |
Elderberry 'Marge'
Sambucus canadensis 'Marge' |
shrub |
1 |
Elderberry 'Marge' - the second cultivar for the understory pair. |
Cliffbrush Locust (Rose Acacia)
Robinia hispida |
shrub |
2 |
Nitrogen-fixing shrub. |
Strawberry 'Earliglow'
Fragaria x ananassa 'Earliglow' |
groundcover |
6 |
Groundcover. |
G
Rear (north) boundary of the property
Brief: Lowest-priority rear boundary: optional asparagus bed / perennial strip, otherwise left as lawn.
Owner's instruction: Lowest priority zone; currently grass. Possibly asparagus here, otherwise can remain lawn.
Sun: Full sun unless blocked by a tree · Deer resistance priority:
medium · 15 plants
| Plant | Type | Qty | Note |
Rough Goldenrod
Solidago rugosa |
perennial |
5 |
Low-mow native strip along the rear boundary instead of lawn. |
Smooth Blue Aster
Symphyotrichum laeve |
perennial |
5 |
Aster for late-season nectar. |
Yarrow
Achillea millefolium |
perennial |
5 |
Yarrow - tough, no irrigation once established. |
Draft note: Converted from lawn to a native strip. If the owner prefers grass, simply drop the G plantings and the zone returns to its current state.
H
North-west backyard (behind and west of the house, near the pool's west side)
Brief: 2-3 full-size fruit trees (15-25 ft) in the north-west backyard.
Owner's instruction: Plant 2-3 fruit bearing trees (15-25' height) in this spot - assume the two large backyard trees are removed.
Sun: Full sun unless blocked by a tree · Deer resistance priority:
medium · 9 plants
| Plant | Type | Qty | Note |
Pecan
Carya illinoinensis |
tree |
2 |
Pecan at the rear of the west backyard - the largest tree in the plan, so it goes at the back. Two trees are needed for a nut crop. |
Shagbark Hickory
Carya ovata |
tree |
1 |
Shagbark hickory. |
Apple Serviceberry
Amelanchier grandiflora |
shrub |
1 |
Serviceberry as the small tree. |
American Hazelnut
Corylus corellata 'Newell' |
tree |
1 |
Hazelnut - planted with the European hazelnut beside it, since this American clone alone sets no nuts. |
Hazelnut 'Jefferson'
Corylus avellana 'Jefferson' |
tree |
1 |
Hazelnut 'Jefferson' - a different genotype, required to pollinate the American hazelnut clone. |
Cliffbrush Locust (Rose Acacia)
Robinia hispida |
shrub |
2 |
Rose acacia. |
Grape 'Mars' (table grape)
Vitis labrusca 'Mars' |
vine |
1 |
Grape on the fence. |